Kamis, 05 Mei 2011

Example of Descriptive Text : Penguins



Penguins (order Sphenisciformes, family Spheniscidae) are a group of aquatic, flightless birds living almost exclusively in the southern hemisphere, especially in Antarctica. Although all penguin species are native to the southern hemisphere, they are not found only in cold climates, such as Antarctica. In fact, only a few species of penguin live so far south. Several species are found in the temperature zone, and one species, the Galapagos Penguin, lives near the equator. Most penguins feed on krill, fish, squid, and other forms of sealife caught while swimming underwater. They spend about half of their life on land and half in the oceans. The largest living species is the Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri): adults average about 1.1 m (3 ft 7 in) tall and weigh 35 kg (75 lb) or more. The smallest penguin species is the Little Blue Penguin (Eudyptula minor), also known as the Fairy Penguin, which stands around 40 cm tall (16 in) and weighs 1 kg (2.2 lb). Penguins have a thick layer of insulating feathers that keeps them warm in water (heat loss in water is much greater than in air). They also are able to control blood flow to their extremities, reducing the amount of blood that gets cold, but still keeping the extremities from freezing. Penguins’ bodies are very suitable for swimming and living in the water. The wings are sculler and cannot be used for flying. On land penguins use their tails and their wings to keep their balance when they are walking. Every penguin has white color on its front part body and dark color (usually black) on their back. This is used for camouflage. Penguins are able to swim 6 to 12 km per hour speed and ever known till 27 km per hour speed. To limit energy, sometimes penguins walk by their little feet or glide on the ice by their stomach. Penguins have very good hearing ability. Their eyes can adapt to see under water when they are looking for food and avoid from predator. Penguins seem to have no special fear of humans, and have approached groups of explorers without hesitation. This is probably because penguins have no land predators in Antarctica or the nearby offshore islands. Instead, penguins are at risk at sea from predators such as the leopard seal. Typically, penguins do not approach closer than about 3 meters (10 ft) at which point they become nervous. 


Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penguin

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